An existing system being modified might require several modeling runs as well, but may require only a few changes to fully integrate the system to the modified use. The overall calculation process is iterative, especially for a newly designed system. The purpose is to try to balance the system under design flows including any parallel flow paths, and determine the required pump head to overcome the losses. These pressures will, in turn, be related to the selected pumping scheme. These head loss calculations, however done, should be completed for any design as they will dictate the selection of all component equipment (chillers, pumps, etc.) as well as the pressure class of the distribution piping, fittings, and valves within the system. The majority of designers today use a computer program to perform some type of hydraulic modeling of the distribution system to calculate the pressure losses.
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